Most of the industrialized countries are moving towards the fourth stage of industrialization. This development has provided immense opportunities for industrial sustainability. As the largest energy consumer in the world, most of the industrial sector’s consumption is in the form of electricity. In recent years, to strengthen the peak load regulation capability, time-of-use (ToU) pricing has been implemented in many countries to encourage consumers to shift their use from peak to mid- and off-peak periods such that their energy bills can be reduced. In this chapter, we first introduce a basic single machine batch scheduling problem under ToU electricity tariffs. Then it is extended by further considering machine on/off switching. Finally, a single machine batch scheduling problem under ToU tariffs in a continuous processing environment is investigated. For the three considered problems, appropriate mathematical models are established, and their problem properties and complexities are demonstrated.