Deep Learning (DL) methods, such as Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs), have shown great potential in diagnosing complex diseases. Among these diseases, Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment (RRD) stands out as a critical condition necessitating precise diagnosis and postoperative Visual Acuity (VA) prediction. This research introduces a DL-based Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system that utilizes Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images for both the diagnosis of RRD and the prediction of postoperative VA. The CAD system utilizes DL techniques and a diverse dataset, including OCT images of patients with RRD from the Hedi Raies Ophthalmology Institute of Tunis and a large public dataset of normal subjects OCT. Preprocessing steps, such as image cropping, enhancement, denoising, and resizing, are applied to the tomographic images. Data oversampling and augmentation techniques address class imbalance and improve the dataset by generating additional samples. Various DL models, including pre-Trained CNN models (VGG-16, Inception-V3, Inception-ResNet-V2), Bilinear (BCNN) (BCNN (VGG-16)2 and BCNN (Inception-V3)2), and a custom CNN architecture, are implemented for RRD diagnosis and postoperative VA prediction. The experimental outcomes demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed CAD system in accurately diagnosing RRD and predicting postoperative VA. The system achieves high accuracy, with 99.87% for diagnosing RRD and 98.06% for predicting postoperative VA using the BCNN (VGG-16)2 model. The developed CAD system represents a significant advancement in the field of RRD and postoperative VA prediction. By combining DL and OCT imaging, the system provides automated and accurate diagnosis, showing potential in improving patient care and treatment decisions.